PFAS Regulations: Growing restrictions on Forever Chemicals

In recent years, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), often referred to as “forever chemicals,” have become a major concern for governments, industries, and consumers alike. These synthetic chemicals, which have been used since the 1940s, are renowned for their durability, water, and oil resistance, and heat tolerance, making them incredibly valuable in a wide range of industries. However, their persistence in the environment and potential risks to human health have sparked increased scrutiny and regulation across the globe. As countries tighten their regulations on PFAS, global manufacturers and supply chains are feeling the impact of overcoming the challenges of compliance and are leveraging PFAS testing to mitigate these issues.

The persistent nature of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), commonly known as “forever chemicals,” has escalated into a significant global issue affecting governing bodies, businesses, and the public. These man-made substances, dating back to the 1940s, are prized for their exceptional resistance to water, oil, and heat, contributing to their widespread industrial use. However, their tendency to accumulate in the environment and the potential health hazards they pose have triggered heightened global regulatory attention. With nations implementing stricter PFAS controls, manufacturers and their supply chains worldwide are compelled to address complex compliance demands, increasingly relying on PFAS testing to manage these challenges effectively.

From non-stick cookware to waterproof clothing, food packaging, and even firefighting foam, PFAS chemicals have been pervasive in manufacturing and consumer products. Their unique properties allow them to increase the longevity and functionality of products. However, due to their chemical structure, they do not break down easily, hence their “forever chemicals” moniker. Over time, it has become clear that PFAS are present in almost every corner of the globe, including human blood, breast milk, and remote Arctic regions.

While PFAS offer valuable properties for industrial use, their environmental persistence and potential human health risks—ranging from endocrine disruption to immune system harm—have raised alarms. As a result, governments worldwide have begun implementing stricter PFAS regulations to curb their use and manage their environmental impact.

Governments and regulatory bodies have been making strides toward limiting PFAS use in consumer goods. These regulations have profound effects on manufacturers and global supply chains.

1. U.S. regulations: In the United States, California has led the charge in regulating PFAS. The state has mandated testing for specific levels of fluorine and organic fluorine in consumer products like textiles. As of January 2025, California’s Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC) requires that manufacturers test for organic fluorine, particularly in textiles, setting a limit of 100 mg/kg for compliance. Additionally, states like New York and Colorado have adopted similar measures, and pressure is mounting for nationwide policy changes that could extend these stringent requirements. 
2. EU regulations: In the European Union, PFAS regulations fall under the REACH framework (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation, and Restriction of Chemicals). The EU has taken significant steps toward stricter oversight by imposing limits on known PFAS substances in products. This regulatory landscape demands that businesses operating in the EU comply with stringent testing and reporting standards regarding PFAS content.
3. Global movement toward PFAS regulations: Governments around the world are following suit in regulating PFAS. The global trend toward stricter chemical testing, reporting, and disposal practices for PFAS is becoming undeniable. As a result, manufacturers are under increasing pressure to adhere to these regulations, lest they face fines, legal action, and reputational damage.